Precision forging refers to the forming technology that meets the requirements of the dimensional precision of the parts. There are two main ways to achieve precision forging:
- Refined blank, that is, directly forging the blank to meet the requirements of precision machine.
- Fine forgings, whole or some parts directly processed by fine forging process, so as to reduce the amount of machine.
At present, many precision forging processes are used in the production. According to the different forming temperature, it can be divided into:
- Hot fine forging
- Cold fine forging
- Warm fine forging
- Composite precision forging
1. Hot and fine forging processHot precision forging refers to the precision forging process forged above the recrystallization temperature. Because of the high deformation temperature, the low deformation resistance of the material and good plasticity, it is easy to shape parts with complex geometry.
2. Cold and fine forging processCold precision
forging process is a precision forging technology at room temperature. Due to room temperature forming, so the size error caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided, so the shape and size of the workpiece of cold precision forging are easy to control, and the forging surface does not produce oxidation and burn loss, and has high surface quality, so the forging accuracy of hot and warm precision forging is lower than that of cold precision forging.
3, warm and precision forging processWarm forging is a precision forging technique for heating metal to the suitable temperature below the recrystallization temperature. At the same time, it has the advantages of hot forging and cold forging to avoid their defects, effectively reduce the load of equipment and mold, improve the plasticity and fluidity of metal, without the need for forging and annealing.
4. Composite precision forging processComposite precision forging process combines cold, warm and hot forging process to complete a workpiece of forging technology, which can give play to the advantages of cold, warm and hot forging, and avoid the disadvantages of cold, warm and hot forging. At the same time, the mechanical properties, dimensional precision and surface quality of the parts produced by composite precision forging process are improved compared with the parts produced by single forging technology. At present, the commonly used composite precision forging processes mainly include warm forging-cold finishing, hot forging-cold forging, warm extrusion-cold swing rolling, warm hot precision forging-cold extrusion, hot precision forging-cold swing rolling and so on.